Controversy of The War of 1812 Essay - 632 Words

The War of 1812, also known as â€Å"Mr. Madison’s War†, was caused by three main disputes between the British and the Americans: several trade acts oppressing America’s trade with both France and Britain, the recruiting of unwilling American men into the Royal Navy, and the British support of Native Americans resisting expansion. Although the unfair actions of the British brought forth much animosity from many Americans, there were still a good number of people opposing the war. There were many arguments between several political parties, and disagreements about the war continued on through the duration of it. According to A People A Nation, the Americans were, yet again, ill-equipped for battle. War campaigns were carried out†¦show more content†¦General William Hull, an inexperienced and somewhat craven soldier, â€Å"waged a timid campaign, retreating more than he attacked† (233). His retreat and abandonment of many forts â€Å"left the enti re Midwest exposed to the enemy† (233). The first land victory of the Americans was the defense of Fort Harrison in Indiana Territory by Captain Zachary Taylor. The next major victory for the Americans was the â€Å"shipbuilding race† between the U.S. and the British. The Americans outbuilt the British and defeated them at the Battle of Put-in-Bay, giving Americans control of Lake Erie. The greatest and most successful land campaigns were led by General William Henry Harrison. His men, including the Kentucky militia volunteers, captured Detroit and defeated the British, Shawnee and Chippewa forces at the Battle of the Thames. The U.S. was able to acquire much needed war materials from their victories, and also regain control of the Northwest. In addition, the Americans burned the Canadian capital of York. However, in retaliation, the British burned Washington D.C. to the ground. The final battle of the war was the Battle of New Orleans. On January 8, 1815, the U.S. and British faced off in a much needed battle to end the war. The poorly trained soldiers of the U.S. held their ground against the well-equipped British forces. Miraculously, more than 2,000 British soldiers were either killed orShow MoreRelatedThe War of 1812 between American and Britain1712 Words   |  7 PagesRevolutionary War between America and Britain, was the year that marked the beginning of a new conflict that would last America the next three years, the War of 1812. On June 16th of that year, President James Madison declared the start of a war that would greatly impact the future of our country. Britain, still one of the worlds greatest superpowers, was currently warring with France at the time of the declaration, however, Britains reputation as a formidable opponent stood strong. The War of 1812 heldRead MoreWhy we Fought in the War of 1812 Essay1102 Words   |  5 PagesWhy we Fought in the War of The war of 1812 is considered by some as the second war for independence.1 The United States had won its independence in 1783, but the British still treated the Americans as though they still had control of them. Americans resented the treatment they received from the British. They felt they were a free country and the British would not recognize them as so. This is believed by many to be the cause of the War of 1812, but no one act can be contributed as such. ThereRead MoreAmerican Spirits Were Exceptionally High At The End Of The War Of 18121486 Words   |  6 PagesAmerican spirits were exceptionally high at the end of the War of 1812 which brought about a defeat of the British once again. In the years that followed the War, a sense of national unity materialized throughout the country as a One Party System grew out of James Monroe’s presidency with the disappearance of the Federalists. The Columbian Centinel proclaimed that this time period after the War of 1812 was an â €Å"Era of Good Feelings†, a phrase applied to Monroe’s presidency ever since. But contradictoryRead MoreHenry Clay s Defense Of The American System879 Words   |  4 PagesSince the income tax, tariffs have not been a major source of revenue for the United States government. For this reason, they sold and generated controversies in the United States. However, there was a time in America’s history when tariffs generated enough controversy to almost insight a civil war. In the U.S. senate, in February 1832, Kentucky Senator Henry Clay gave a speech called â€Å"In defense of the American System.† Henry Clay’s â€Å"American System† included a protective tariff, a national bankRead MoreWas The Second War For Independence?1199 Words   |  5 Pagesbeen at war for several years. During the battle of Trafalgar, in 1803, Britain destroyed what was left of the French navy. Napoleon took steps to attack British trade. â€Å"The result was called the Continental System, designed to close the European continent to British trade† (Brinkley, 171). Britain had established a blockade requiring cargo being delivered to Napoleon’s Europe be aboard a British or neutral countries ship, â€Å"†¦precisely what Napoleon’s policies forbade† (Brinkley, 171). The War of 1812Read MoreEra of Good Feeling Dbq Essays613 Words   |  3 PagesThe period after the War of 1812 during the presidency of James Monroe is often referred to as the â€Å"era of good feelings† because of a feeling of nationalism, a feeling of pride and national unity. The en d of the Federalist Party also provided the nation with a feeling of nationalism, for there was no political opposition toward the Republicans. This title, however, may not be the most accurate label for this particular time period, for this time period marked the beginnings of sectionalism, withRead MoreWhy Is the â€Å"Era of Goof Feelings† a Misnomer? Essay859 Words   |  4 Pagespresidency has gained the term used worldwide as the â€Å"Era of Good Feelings†. It was adopted by this name because of Monroe’s action in visiting the U.S military basis and because of the spirit of nationalism and optimism gained by the people from the War of 1812. Foreign affairs exemplifies why this name is partly fact. However, the perception of unity that this era defines is somewhat misleading. Throughout this period, there were various problems that contradicted the era’s name. Some of the serious issuesRead MoreHistorians have traditionally labeled the period afte r the War of 1812 the Era of good Feelings. Evaluate the accuracy ofof this label, considering the emergence of nationalism and sectionalism.1395 Words   |  6 Pagesand other riches. Finally, President Madison had to hear many petitions and asked congress to declare war on Great Britain. Congress accepted and the War of 1812 began. All of population did not support the war. Northeastern merchants and imports opposed the war, for they were afraid that commerce there could be destroyed. Also, Great Britain was in poor conditions. As a result of this, the war ended with no defeats or victories for any of the two countries. In 1814, Great Britain took over WashingtonRead MoreThe War Of 1812 Essay1130 Words   |  5 PagesThe adjournment of the war of 1812 led to three political process which changed the face of America forever. The market revolution, the westward expansion, and the rise of a vigorous political democracy established American policies which are still upheld today. These policies include reformed freedom, improved economic procedures and established a political democracy. Many changes evolved after the war of 1812, the first being the eradication of a one-party government. The election of 1816 is significantRead MoreSectionalism Due to Western Expansion Essay668 Words   |  3 Pagesslavery directly contributed to the sense of sectionalism shared throughout the nation. However the issue of slavery would be postponed due to the War of 1812, and for a while afterwards, America’s shared sense of nationalism overpowered their shared sense of sectionalism. Around the time of 1820, America’s pride in their victory in the war of 1812 was wearing off, and the balance of nationalism and sectionalism among the nation shifted primarily due to Westward expansion. The Missouri Compromise

Domestic Violence As It Impact The Workplace Essay

ABSTRACT The main thrust of this report is to determine domestic violence as it impact the workplace. For the purpose of this report, the researcher ascertains the signs and symptoms of victims and present recommendation on how to tackle domestic violence. INTRODUCTION Understanding the plight of your staff’s private lives is the key to increasing productivity in the organization. The serious nature of domestic violence in the workplace warrants the attention of the employer, managers, supervisors, and office security staff. This report is intended to help managers and supervisors interact with employees who are victims of domestic violence, and to help those employees connect to needed services. Designing an effective workplace response, including a safety plan, is crucial for everyone. It should be based on the victim’s information and inclination, as well as the capacity of the workplace. However, to avoid a potentially dangerous situation, managers should avoid becoming overly involved in counselling the employee or offering personal favours (offering your home as shelter, giving money from petty cash, or doing impromptu safety checks at the employee’s home). According to the National Coalition Against Domestic Violence, 2007 defined domestic violence as a pattern of coercive behaviour used by one person to gain power and control over his or her partner in an intimate relationship. Domestic Violence may include physical attack, sexual assault, emotional pain, andShow MoreRelatedThe Cost Of Domestic Violence1662 Words   |  7 PagesCenteria Cooley Sociology 101 Professor Nelms 20 November 2015 The Cost of Domestic Violence in America â€Å"Just because the scare have healed, doesn’t mean the pain has.† –healthyplace.com Domestic violence is a pattern of behavior used to exhibit control over another person through fear and intimidation by threat, force, or use of violence in intimate relationships. This issue has been an overlooked problem in American society for ages however as it becomes mainstream time and time again and theRead MoreWorkplace Violence1735 Words   |  7 PagesWorkplace violence is present in every nook and cranny of corporate America, affecting millions of Americans every year. Workplace violence is defined by the Occupational Safety Health Administration, OSHA, as any act or threat of physical violence, harassment, intimidation, or other threatening disruptive behavior that occurs at the work site. It ranges from threats and verbal abuse to physical assaults and even homicide. In 2011, there were over 2 two million reports and claims of workplaceRead MoreViolence Tends To Threaten The Organization Of Society.1648 Words   |  7 PagesViolence tends to threaten the organizati on of society. In today’s society violence is permeated in almost every aspect of our daily lives. Violence in our society enters our homes, workplace, and schools and especially in the media. Violence is the intentional action or inaction causing physical, sexual and psychological injury, including battering, pornography, sexual assault, incest, child abuse and sexual harassment. Advertisers use sex to get our attention and they make claims about their product’sRead MoreWhat Are The Costs Of Domestic Violence?996 Words   |  4 PagesWhat are the costs of domestic violence? A United Nations report called â€Å"The Economic Costs of Violence Against Women: An Evaluation of the Literature† explores the economic impact on societies. The cost of domestic violence includes direct costs such as medical services, law enforcement, legal expenses, incarceration costs, mental health services, therapy, education and lost property. Social services, government programs and welfare add additional financial burden to the problem. Businesses experienceRead MoreThe Day It Happened by Rosario Morales1302 Words   |  6 Pages â€Å"Domestic violence, or intimate partner violence, is defined as a pattern of assaultive and coercive behaviors, including physical, sexual, and psychological attacks as well as economic coercion that adults or adolescents use against their intimate partners† (Peeks-Asa). When it comes to domestic violence many people don’t want to get involved, but if just one person took a stand maybe others would follow and potentially save a life, like the neighbors did in The Day It Happened by Rosario MoralesRead MoreViolence and Its Effect on the Community1641 Words   |  7 PagesViolence and its Effect on the Community Charlotte Anderson-Brown Axia College of University of Phoenix Violence and its Effect on the Community Violence in the community has become a major issue. While due to law enforcement agencies, community education and crime watch violence can be circumvented; violence directly and indirectly affects how we live our lives. Let’s us first examine what violence is. Violence is a physical action, which takes place once a person becomes upset to aRead MoreList Nine Elements That Directly Impact The Work Environment : Excessive Workload Essay1237 Words   |  5 PagesKelleher (1996) list nine elements that directly impact the work environment: excessive workload, inadequate time to complete the assigned task, poor supervision, uncertain organizational climate, insufficient authority to meet job responsibilities, unclear responsibilities or job functions, philosophical differences between the organization and employee, unexpected or significant change at work or at home, and unanswered or unresolved frustrations. Mental Health Employees who are angry with theirRead MoreThe Effects Of Domestic Violence On Children1207 Words   |  5 PagesShadows of Violence Domestic violence and abuse can happen to anyone, regardless of their race, gender, age, ethnicity, education, income, or other factors. In the homes where violence and abuse are present, every member of the family is affected. Almost every healthy intimate relationship experiences ups and downs, but when the behavior of one person consistently tears down the other person -whether physically, mentally, emotionally, or economically- it is considered abuse. The abuse usually isRead MoreA Business Organization Good Management Skills982 Words   |  4 Pagesservice techniques. I came to the conclusion that consumers are the force that helped to create and built my career. I will continue to create an environment that would help contribute to my company’s standard excellent service, values, and beliefs to impact the customer’s experience. As I continue to grow in the Healthcare field, I plan to incorporate some of the things I learned that would allow me focus on customer-c entric services. I want to ensure my organization put our customers first, provideRead MoreWorkplace Violence2432 Words   |  10 PagesWORKPLACE VIOLENCE: A FORCE OF OVERALL CONCERN Adell Newman-Lee Criminology-CJ102-D04 December 3, 2003 THESIS: WORKPLACE AS IT RELATES TO CRIMINAL JUSTICE I INTRODUCTION: †¢ Crime and violence †¢ Workplace violence a major concern †¢ The three entities involved II STATISTICS †¢ The Bureau of Justice Statistics †¢ Statistics from 1992 to 1996 †¢ National Crime Victimization Survey and The Bureau of Labor Statistic III WORKPLACE VIOLENCE A LAW ENFORCEMENT ISSUE †¢ Responsibility of Law Enforcement

Contextual role in lifespan dvelopment Free Essays

Lifespan development is the process by which individuals go through a series of stages that unfold one after the other. Development applies to both the physical and non-physical dimensions. Almost all individuals agree that physical growth stops at certain points. We will write a custom essay sample on Contextual role in lifespan dvelopment or any similar topic only for you Order Now However, there is a lot of contention about where the issue of personality development stops. Many authors have used descriptions such as adulthood, inner unity and self actualization in attempts to describe where this development ends. However, these definitions are all linked to certain cultural or historical aspects of a person’s life. This then brings out the importance of context within the field of lifespan development. The essay shall look at cultural, historical, spiritual aspects that affect how an individual’s lifespan development occurs. (Pogson and Tennant, 1995) Role of context Many books address the stages that human beings go through as they grow but few of them pay attention to the forces or power that one’s social surrounding can have upon their lives.   It should be noted that the environment can influence ones’ development both physical and intellectually. This is because the environment can interact with ones genes and change the way they grow. Many theories exist about the stage of development. Some experts suggested seven stages; others suggested six while others believe that human beings go through five stages. While these stages may be common among certain individuals, one cannot ignore the fact that they are not applicable to all individuals. By establishing a system of theories that generalize developmental stages, these experts were ignoring one of the most crucial facts in development; the individual. Each and every person is exposed to different cultural or social aspects; consequently, that person is bound to turn out differently in comparison to their counterparts. (Jarvis, 1997) When one examines the nature of stages that their own lives have undergone, one can see that none of them actually fit ideally into the latter mentioned life stages. There are some delays in certain instances and there may also be some skips. One must therefore ask themselves why this is occurring. The answer is that human beings are creatures of their surrounding. Every single person is exposed to different experiences. This affects them both physically and otherwise and it can therefore affect the nature of their developmental process. Life development should not be mechanized in such a manner that one can assume that they can predict growth phases. Life is not clear cut and sometimes, one’s experiences can either cause that person to retrogress (in that they depict signs characteristics of an earlier stage), in other instances, experiences may propel individuals to enter into stages that may not be predicted for their age. Sometimes, one can undergo a certain stage twice and these are all as a result of people’s interaction with their environment. (Humphries, 1988) Some of the stages created by experts on lifespan development may not necessarily be prevalent in all parts of the world. The authors mentioned include  ·   Erikson  ·    Piaget  ·    Kohlberg  ·      Etc These experts conducted their studies only in certain parts of the world while the rest were left out. Sometimes, some communities may not depict the characteristics laid out in their theories. For instance, stages such as mid life crisis may not prevalent in all parts of the world. Some people may assume that this is a western notion. Another important issue that affects development is one’s gender in relation to their surrounding. Because of the roles laid out by society with respect to gender issues, then one cannot assume that all societies will have individuals who go through similar stages as do other women in the rest of the world. Certain psychologists and sociologists came up with a series of factors that can affect the nature of one’s life outcome. An example of such an author was Holmes and Rahe. The latter authors described some forty three items that can alter one’s perception of the world around them, these included SA spouse death-100 Divorcce-73 Separation from a spouse-65 A close family member’s death—63 Detention in jail-63 Illness-50 Marriage-47 Pregnancy-39 Job retirement-45 Others included reconciliation with a spouse, changes in health etc. (Rutter and Rutter, 1992) The latter ratings were in order of the event’s ability to alter one’s development. The authors explained that when these events occurred, then one had to succumb to overwhelming emotional burdens. It should be noted that the list largely contained a number of adult related issues. It was also explained that the degree to which he events alter one’s life is largely dependent on whether they were expected in one’s lifespan. Also the sequence within which those events occur also matters because when the events follow one another, then they can cause a crisis which eventually changes one life course. Conclusion It should be noted that development largely depends on one’s experiences and environment. In other words, context is crucial. This is the reason why many developmental stages are not linear and vary from individual to individual. References Rutter, B. and Rutter, M. (1992): Developing Minds. Challenge and continuity across the life span; Penguin Pogson, P. and Tennant, M. (1995): Learning and Change in the Adult Years; Jossey-Bass Humphries, B. (1988): Adult learning in social work education; Critical Social Policy No. 23: 4-21 Jarvis, P. (1997): Adult Learning in the Social Context; Croom Helm How to cite Contextual role in lifespan dvelopment, Papers

Case Scenario free essay sample

After the meeting, Chou volunteered to draft the distribution contract that would formalize their agreement. However, before Chou could finish the draft, he received an e-mail from the BTT manager. The e-mail with the subject line â€Å"Strat Deal,† focused on the key points of the distribution agreement between both parties, including the price, time frames, and obligations of both parties. After receiving this e-mail, Chou incorrectly assumed that BTT wanted to draft the contract. Thus Chou stopped working on the draft and a month passed by. This passage of time voided any previous agreement because of the 90-day clause to finalize the contract. What BTT and Chou had was not a binding or enforceable contract. 2. What facts may weigh in favor of or against Chou in terms of the parties’ objective intent to contract? The facts that prove there was no binding distribution contract are: (1) There was no written distribution agreement as stated as a requirement in the original terms of the negotiating contract, (2) No signatures were used to bind the agreement and the word â€Å"contract† was never used in the e-mail sent by the BTT manager to Chou, and (3) The 90-day deadline agreed upon in the original negotiating contract passed without a written agreement. We will write a custom essay sample on Case Scenario or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page All other contingencies became void once this deadline passed without a signed written agreement. 3. Does the fact that the parties were communicating by e-mail have any impact on your analysis in Questions 1 and 2 (above)? The fact both parties were communicating by e-mail does not change my analysis for either questions one or two. The Uniform Electronic Transactions Act (UETA) states that as long as the involved parties agree to use electronic commerce for their transactions, certain forms of electronic media is recognized as a legal form of correspondence (Melvin, 2011). The UETA equates electronic signatures and records to the same legal status when compared to traditional signatures and paper records, providing the following requirements are met: (1) a record or signature may not be denied legal effector enforceability solely because it is in electronic form, (2) a contract may not be denied legal effect or enforceability solely because an electronic record was used in its information, (3) if a law requires a record to be in writing, an electronic record satisfies the law, and (4) if a law requires a signature, an electronic signature satisfies the law (Melvin, 2011). Currently, 47 states have adopted the UETA in some form (Melvin, 2011). Although BTT and Chou were communicating by e-mail, their stipulation of their original negotiating contract was for the distribution contract to be in writing. 4. What role does the statute of frauds play in this contract? The statute of frauds is the law governing which contracts must be in writing in order to be enforceable (Melvin, 2011). Under the UCC (Uniform Commercial Code), the statute of frauds applies to any contract for the sales of goods in excess of $500. The negotiations between BTT and Chou were certainly in excess of $500, so the statute of frauds would apply here. For common law contracts the statute of frauds applies to: (1) contracts that involve the sale of an interest of land, (2) contracts that cannot be performed under one year, (3) contracts to pay the debt of another, and (4) contracts made in consideration of marriage. The role this statute plays in this contract is to stipulate that it must be in writing. This is according to the original negotiating contract between BTT and Chou. . Could BTT avoid this contract under the doctrine of mistake? Explain. Would either party have any other defenses that would allow the contract to be avoided? A mistake is defined in contract law as a belief that is not in accord with the facts. The law recognizes certain mistakes and provides a solution intended to make the parties whole again (Melvin, 2011). However, a mutual mistake may be the basis for canceling a contract (also called avo iding the contract) when both parties hold an erroneous belief. The mistake in this case focusses on assumption made by Chou. After the oral agreement was reached, Chou offered to draft a written version of the contract. During this process, Chou received an e-mail from the BTT manager who simply restated the key terms of the agreement. After receiving this e-mail, Chou mistakenly assumed the BTT manager wanted to draft the contract. This erroneous belief by Chou caused the 90-day deadline to pass without a written contract. This 90-day deadline was a binding stipulation of the original negotiating contract. . Assuming, arguendo, that this e-mail does constitute an agreement, what consideration supports this agreement? Assuming the e-mail between BTT and Chou does constitute an agreement, the facts from the e-mail may support this argument. The subject line of the e-mail was stated as the â€Å"strat deal. † The e-mail repeated the key terms of the distribution agreement: price, time frames, and obligations of both parties. Although the e- mail never used the word contract, it stated that all of the terms had been previously agreed upon.

7 Surprising Skills Needed to Be a Writer

7 Surprising Skills Needed to Be a Writer 7 Surprising Skills Needed to Be a Writer Writing, the simple demonstration of putting pen to paper, is challenging enough all alone. However, most writers have no issue investing in the creative effort. At the same time, the work that accompanies writing for a living might trap you in. Beyond creativity, here are 7 surprising skills needed to be a writer. Social Skills All writers are not introverted, but many absolutely are. It can be a tough obstacle to overcome. However, social skills are a necessity when you are attempting to convince others in your capacity to communicate with words. Do not be afraid to network, embrace the social media, and speak up. Dont be ashamed to ask for opportunities, either. You may be astonished at the power of social skills and earn considerably more. Time Management Skills As a writer, you need to figure out how to partition your time to cover every aspect of maintaining a writing business. You also need to resist giving in to the myriad of potential distractions around you, especially because you can’t exactly turn off Twitter and email if you use both for work. Resourcefulness Writing does not come with a standard blueprint. Few professional writers have a degree in writing, while some dont. There are numerous cases when writers are landed jobs because they have friends who are writers, others are hired because they launched a blog that got to become popular. The truth is, for everyone, the specifics are different. As a result of this, working with the opportunities, abilities, skills, and experiences that unique to your situation is imperative. In two words, be resourceful. Marketing Skills One great example of the power of resourcefulness is Author Ahyiana Angel who didnt have any professional experience in writing. But she did have marketing skills as a former publicist, and she optimized them, basically becoming her own publicist. This won her opportunities to become published by Simon and Schuster. A mastery of marketing is important to break into freelancing or earn some cash with your writing. Branding, search engine optimization (SEO), guest posting and pitching are a few marketing skills you should familiarize yourself with. Thick Skin and Fearlessness Get over wanting to be cool, creative, smart, important, wise, a huge success, a great writer, or any ego-dominated idea that is really just a tool for staying away from shame and humiliation.   Any writer will tell you â€Å"thick skin is an absolute necessity.† To get over any sensitivity, dont be afraid to be humiliated, terrible, be a beginner, share your work, be ready to embrace criticism, persistent, and to override and reset the primitive controls and autopilot for courage. Think and Feel Like Your Audience Be a psychologist, observer, and therapist, who can find out how and why people feel and think the way they do. Creating an original character implies that you need to take some necessary steps of coming up with his or her characteristic traits. You must get in their head and see why they do what they do. For becoming an incredible observer, you should be interested in human thinking patterns, and what is hindering people from being their best selves. See this as your job and obsession. Creativity in Making up Worlds that Don’t Exist You have seen Lord of the Rings, Alice in Wonderland, and Star Wars. Those are not only talents but practice. We can all pretend, but only if we can get away from that intelligent, logical and critical part of our brains that doesn’t want nonsense to thrive. But what is nonsense all about if not imagination. That is what makes it so wonderful. Practice seeing your writing on paper regularly to strengthen it, particularly if you are relishing your magical and illogical creative ability. These will help you launch a professional writer career when you have zero work experience, and make you standout.

The eNotes Blog The Point of Life Was to Press On Remembering TomClancy

The Point of Life Was to Press On Remembering TomClancy Fans of espionage and military science novels have lost one of that genres most popular authors. Tom Clancy has died at age 66.   The cause of death has not yet been released. Here are some facts about Clancy that you may not know: Worked as an insurance salesman after attending Loyola College. Tried, but failed, to purchase the Minnesota Vikings. Divorced after thirty years following revelations of an affair with a New York Assistant D.A. Second wife is the niece of General Colin Powell. Although he loved the military, poor eyesight prevented him from enlisting. In 1984, President Ronald Reagan boosted sales of Clancys first novel,  The Hunt for Red October, by praising it at a press conference. Its a really good yarn, Reagan said. Founded the gaming company Red Storm Entertainment in 1996 and sold it for a reported $45 million Was the  co-owns the Baltimore Orioles Tom Clancy was one of the best-selling authors of the last thirty years.   In addition to  The Hunt for Red October,  his other popular works included  Patriot Games  (1988),  Clear and Present Danger (1989), and  The Sum of All Fears (1991).

Budget Stimulation Project Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Budget Stimulation Project - Research Paper Example The result of which was to bring to light the inhumane conditions within the prison, leading to the American public questioning their continued support of the South Vietnamese Government. Senator Harkin married his wife Ruth Raduenz in 1968 and they have two daughters and three grandchildren1 Congressman Harkin began his service as a member of the U. S. House of Representatives in 1974. Then years later, Congressman Harkin became Senator Harkin and has the distinction of being the first Senator elected to a fifth term in Iowa. One of his more interesting and innovating achievements is the creation of a ’mobile office’ which is run from a van from which he travels through 99 counties each year to bring his congressional services to his constituents. One of his first achievements was through Senator Ted Kennedy who approached Senator Harkin to draft a bill in relationship to the rights of those with physical and mental challenges. Because Senator Harkin’s brother, Frank, had been deaf from birth, Senator Harkin was tapped as being sensitive to the needs and issues faced by those with physical and mental challenges, and the result was The Americans with Disabilities Act. This legislation revolutionized the accessibility afforded to those with challenges through requirements for public buildings and requirements for public transportation and employment accommodations.2 Congressional Interests The types of concerns that Senator Harkin has supported have been to endorse the needs and address the concerns of the American public. Senator Harkin has been active in promoting health and health care initiatives, his belief system centered on a concept he terms ’well-care’, which he believes is in contrast to the current system which treats people after they become sick. In addressing health throughout one’s life, the prevention of a great many health problems could be avoided, not only saving lives, but saving money in the costs of treatments. He has worked to increase the budgets for research on cardiovascular disease, cancer, and Alzheimer’s, along with working to reverse the position that President Bush held on embryonic stem-cell research. Education has been another great concern for Senator Harkin as he has â€Å"worked to reduce class size, give students better computer and internet access, expand school counseling and safety programs and inprove teacher training†.3 Additionally, Senator Harkin has had interests in agricultural issues, promoting efficiency in energy use and conservation for continued agricultural benefit. Senator Harkin is considered a moderate and has served as chairman of the Senate Committee on Health, Education, Labor and Pensions, with serving as Member Ex Officio for the subcommittees on Children and Families; Employment and Work Safety; and Retirement and Aging. He has served on the Senate Committee on Agriculture, Nutrition, and Forestry, with membership on the sub committees on Hunger, Nutrition, and Family Farms; Production, Income Protection, and Price Support; and Rural Revitalization. He has also served on Senate Committee on Appropriations, with membership

Family business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

Family business - Essay Example Key performance indicators such as financial ratios and pay for performance are a good way to assess overall and individual performance of an individual in the organization. The basic KPIs used by family owned businesses could be: Financial ratios, these are good indicators of how well the business is doing financially. This is because the biggest risk in a family business is the mismanagement if finances and useless spending by family members on their personal affairs. Measures such as sound financial reporting and analysis can allow the organization to keep a check and balance on the performance of both the company and the individuals working within it. Pay for performance is also another way to measure good business performance in a family business. Individuals in a family business are driven towards making the company successful and have a thirst to prove their worth. If the company works according to the rules that are applied to all employees and not just family members, pay for performance can be a good indicator of business performance. The biggest risks apart from financial drain are rivalry among family members over ownership and capital, nepotism and favoritism and sibling rivalry after succession. To avoid this, proper succession planning should be in place so that even after the demise of the first generation, the business performs well enough to go to the second generation. Family governance involves the family to regularly meet and discuss where the company is headed and devise long term strategies. It involves the members who are on the B.O.D to meet with the members of both family and management to discuss how the organization is performing under the set values of the family. Like mentioned, most family businesses tend to involve themselves more in philanthropy due to the values it holds There are three components of family governance. When it comes

What effect did the Rise of Science have on theories of Educational Essay

What effect did the Rise of Science have on theories of Educational Practice - Essay Example Education empowers individuals to lead their lives autonomously, participate in the community activities, and pursue their goals. Through education children acquire culture, which ultimately helps them orient their social conduct in the right direction. School is just another and a superficial means, of education. A large proportion of education is ingrained from other agencies (Dewey, 1926:4-5). Education and learning are closely related and are, at times, used synonymously. History of education can be dichotomized as the development of curricula and development of learning and teaching In the primordial world, education concerned only with cultural transmission. Since there was little that changed in everyday life, education too changed and deviated little, from set standards. The aim of education was merely to make the children fit enough to take up their roles in tribes. In those societies education was achieved through oral instruction or imitation. As the human life became more complex, there arose the need to impart education in vocational skills like hunting, farming, and animal husbandry. During the rise of ancient civilizations and development of languages, education became more formal and complex. The birth of formal education system is variously attributed to the Egyptian, Chinese, and Mesopotamian Civilizations between 3000 and 1500 B.C. In the Egyptian society, education was only carried out by priestly class that held sway in the society and enjoyed political clout as well. The priests dispensed, to a group of elite students, esoteric knowledge of subjects like science, medicine, and mathematics. Mesopotamian civilization had a tradition of teaching children belonging to the upper crust of the society. Education consisted of learning subjects like law, mathematics, and astrology. In the ancient Chinese civilization, education was about development of secular values, moral uprightness, use of rituals, and music. Later, toward the 1st

The Democratic Peace Theory Politics Essay

The Democratic Peace Theory Politics Essay War, conflict, warmongering, and power balance are just a few concepts involved within a nations history. Along with many other concepts, War understood as an intentional armed conflict between communities in order to achieve political goals, has supported the public policy of many nations. In 1832 the Prussian military strategist Carl von Clausewitz (1832, p.5) defined War as an act of violence to compel our opponent to fulfill our will, demonstrating how fundamental War was for nations that time. Although there are many arguments to support the nations warmongering policies during the past decades there has been a discussion on how those policies might be necessary if some theorists have proven that Democracies dont fight Democracies (Rummel, 1999). This essay will examine the existing arguments on why democracies do not fight each other using The Democratic Peace Theory and will give conclusions on how effective could be this theory during the present days, where the concept of War has changed. The Democratic Peace Theory [à ¢Ã¢â€š ¬Ã‚ ¦] Ultimately, the best strategy to ensure our security and to build a durable peace is to support the advance of democracy elsewhere. Democracies dont attack each other, they make better trading partners and partners in diplomacy. William J. Clinton (January 1994) The Democratic Peace Theory also called Mutual Democratic Pacifism gives a possible explanation on why democracies do not to war with each other. Among others writers, the German philosopher Immanuel Kant outlined a first relevant idea in his essay Perpetual Peace (1795). Kants theory is based on a world with countries sharing a common a constitutional republic as political regime, where people would appeal for a continuous or perpetual peace as an ideal for living. The premise of Kants idea is that people will not decide to go on war unless to defend themselves and because of this there would be no aggressor nations and the war occurrences would end. For Kant, the reluctance of the people to support war and its related costs restrains democratic leaders from engaging conflicts with other nations. After Kant, this strain of thought, where democracies are reluctant to use violent means against other democracies or other forms of governments, was continued across the centuries. The Kantian Idea of a pacific union fostered by shared or common values, cosmopolitan rights and the right of nations based on a federation of free states, had a support after the First World War, when idea of the right of nations to self-determination inspired the creation of the League of Nations. Important academics like Small and Singer (1976), Rummel (1979), Doyle (1986), Bueno de Mezquita and Lalman (1986), Geva, DeRouren and Mintz (1993), Rummel (1997), Starr (1997) and Danilovic and Clare (2007) have contributed with their work to support this theory. Due to the multiple understandings of the basic elements of the Democratic Peace Theory is important to define the concepts of democracy and war. Rummel (1999, p.10) provides an interesting definition of democracy as democracies in its 20th century form means: regular elections for the most powerful government positions, competitive political parties, near universal franchise, secret balloting and civil liberties and political rights, in addition pre-20th democracies should be identified by periodic, competitive elections, that the powerful can be so kicked out of power, and that a body of citizens hold equal rights regardless of class or status. However, Rummel does not take in account the transparency as an important element for a democracy. Transparency, understood as the open possibility of observation and discussion of a Government decisions and policies is a requisite for a modern democracy and reduces the possibilities of the governments to abuse. Regarding to The concept of War, Most and Starr (1989) as cited in Starr (1997, p.154) defines war as a sustained violent conflict fought by organized armed forces which are directed by a governmental authority. Although this definition is comprehensive it is necessary to be actualized due to the changing components of modern war. Forsyth (2004, p.17) define war as an act of force by a nation-state, crime organization, terror group, drug cartel, revolutionary group, or coalition of states to compel an enemy to do ones will, accept a specific ideology, or prevent or allow unfettered criminal activity. The causes of war might include failures of diplomacy, communications, economic policies, or inadequate internal security. Wars should result in improved security for an affected nations citizens, but often result in degraded or deteriorated social conditions. Although the Democratic Peace Theory is quite controversial and has both weakness and strengths, its relative simplicity has challenged the predominant realist and neorealist theories of International Relations (IR) that have predominated in the international arena for several centuries. During the past decades, research undertaken in California (Bueno de Mesquita and Lalman, 1986), Texas (Geva, DeRouren and Mintz, 1993), (Geva and Mintz, 1993), Hawaii (Rummel, 1997) and Illinois (Danilovic and Clare, 2007) confirmed in some extent the veracity of the Democratic Peace Theory. These studies showed that statistically the probability of a war between two democratic states is very low and that the democratic leaders are less interested in using military force or violent actions against other democracies. The theory by itself and the results of these studies are deeply debated, but it is possible to derive some basic conclusions. First, the republican liberalism, as a theory of International Relations (IR) that supports the Democratic Peace Theory, might question the applicability of the realist theory of IR, which argues that the balance of power and common strategic goals are the main point of explanation for the stable and peaceful relations between democratic nations. The presented researches and arguments suggest that democratic sates are continuously motivated by the necessity of a peaceful coexistence with its neighbors using the same regulations that characterize their domestic policy. These nations expect that other democracies will solve misunderstandings using consideration and a nonviolent scheme, and that their leaders will continuously foster collaborative and peaceful relations with each other. A good example of this reasoning is the speech of United States President, G orge W. Bush, who in 1994 said And the reason why Im so strong on democracy is democracies dont go to war with each other. And the reason why the people of most societies is dont like war, and they understand what war means. Second, the Democratic Peace Theory might challenge the usefulness of other political ideas, different from democracy, in todays world. This thesis is supported by Rummel (1989, p.10) when states that Democracy is a general cure for political or collective violence of any kind it is a method of nonviolence. Since a significant number of academic works identify democracies as political system less susceptible to create and promote violent means of foreign policy, with a relatively unrestricted amount of civil rights and participation, it is possible to identify democracy as a more desirable political system when compared with totalitarian, fascist or communist regimes. Finally, political process such as transparency, cooperation, democratization, and integration could improve the relations among nations. Starr (1997, p.155) highlights the importance of these elements when suggest that the theories of integration stress the role of learning in the development of norms of cooperation and a sense of community, they stress the need for mutual benefits and the positive impact of the interdependence on the management of interdependent relations. However, it is important to point out the fact that unstable democracies or nations within a democratization process are not completely peaceful, and that might occur when the political institutions are not strong enough to support the system or when the country leading sectors are intimidated by the transition process. Two classic and different streams of thought, one structural and one normative, explain the Democratic Peace Theory. On the one hand, the structural variant maintain that the organizations or institutions are restricted to go on war due to the diverse economical, social and political costs for the government and the population, making war an undesirable option for the resolution of misunderstandings between nations. In addition, the importance of individual freedoms and free elections, maximize the leaders political responsibilities inasmuch as they might replaced if fail to maintain an adequate foreign policy. This view has been supported in the work of Geva, DeRouren and Mintz (1993, p.224) when concluding: the major reason why the use of force against other democracies is counterproductive from a political standpoint is because it is perceived by the public as a failure of foreign policy. Democratic institutions such as transparency, political pluralism, and legal rights, among ot hers, make it difficult for governments and its leaders to create false reasons to convince their population to declare war to other state. Transparency is an important factor when thinking about democratic dyads because it means that both states can look trough each other and know, or infer, their intentions. Starr (1997, p.157) states, such transparency means that each party has too much information about the other to create convincing enemy images, for either elite or masses. On the other hand, a normative variant, sometimes called cultural explanation, maintains that common liberal and democratic values explain the stability and peaceful relations between democratic states. According to this variant, the existent culture regarding to democratic political values and conflict resolution means, support truthful ties between states and its leaders. In addition, these leaders expect that their counterparts will also understand the necessity of solving the differences without violent methods. In this extent is very important to emphasize how the democratic perception of a certain state made by other, could modify the motivation for warmongering policies. Supporting this, Elman (1997) argues that political ideology, therefore, determines how democracies distinguish allies from adversaries: democracies that represent and act in their citizens interests are treated with respect and consideration, whereas non-democracies that use violence and oppression against th eir own people are regarded with mistrust and suspicion. Another explanation in addition to the structural and normative explanation of the Democratic Peace Theory is the Power Transition Theory formulated in 1958 by A.F.K. Organski. This theory presents the international politics arena as a hierarchy with 4 levels of power between the states (a dominant state, great powers, middle powers and small powers), analyzing the cyclic occurrence of wars and the effect of transition power in the occurrence of conflicts. Organski (1980, p.19) states that An even distribution of political, economic, and military capabilities between contending groups of nations is likely to increase the probability of war; peace is preserved best when there is an imbalance of national capabilities between disadvantaged and advantaged nations; the aggressor will come from a small group of dissatisfied strong countries; and it is the weaker, rather than the stronger; power that is most likely to be the aggressor. This work suggests, therefore, that democracies are sat isfied states that share strong economic goals and are less likely to fight about territory, in other words, peaceful means of discussion will prevail but not violent ones. Even though the Democratic Peace Theory provides a plausible explanation for the non-violent behavior between democratic states, a great amount of criticism exist among the academy. This criticism could be divided in two variants, first, one related to the methodology used to undertake the researches and analyze the empirical data. Several academics argue that there is always some degree of subjectivity regarding to the studies performed and the results are, in some extent, affected by this prejudices.

Sex in Othello and Hamlet Essay -- Sex Gender Feminine Essays

Sex debases men. They begin to struggle when they feel they are losing control of their emotions in any way. For a woman to easily change the way a man feels or the way he acts just by being female and attractive is enough to drive men insane. William Shakespeare's plays, Othello and Hamlet, demonstrate on paper, on film, and in other art forms that female sexuality and beauty are a threat to patriarchal society and that they must be controlled. Showalter affirms this in her essay by quoting David Laverenze's essay, "The Woman in Hamlet." In this essay he asserts that, " Hamlet's disgust at the feminine passivity in himself translated into violent revulsion against women and into his brutal behavior toward Ophelia" (Showalter 222). As men begin to see feminine aspects within themselves they will go to great lengths to not only deny, but also control these undesirable changes. Shakespeare's two plays are a direct commentary of the male insecurity that exists within relationships. Shakespeare's message concerning the male preoccupation with masculinity and their resulting fear of feminine sexuality has been portrayed in film, photography, and drawings. The way the women are represented in each genre clearly demonstrates the power of female sexuality. Though separate in style, each artwork clearly shows how the men of the play see the women as sexual powerhouses. The other genres help to reinforce my analysis of the text. In film we can watch hamlet's facial expressions as he reacts to Ophelia's obvious pull over his emotions. Every picture is taken for a reason in photography. Through each frame we are able to analyze the split second of action the photographer intended to capture. Here we are able to see an emotion or movement w... ...he become and the deeper into his insecurity he falls. Shakespeare's plays, the movies of his plays, and representations of his women through art all work together to create this great social commentary on men in relationships. The plays are obviously extreme since every man who is in love does not kill his lover. The point of the extremity however, is to reveal the gap that may otherwise go unnoticed. Desdemona and Ophelia are far from role models for women. They die and we do not want that. Once again, however their cases are extreme. We learn from them that acting blind to your lover's issues is not what we should strive to achieve. Rather, we should work together to make our sexuality a less foreign object to men. The more comfortable they are with it, the less intimidating it will seem and the more enjoyable it will be for both participants in the relationship.

Goitre: Benign Thyroid Nodules

There could be many different causes of goiters in people who do not have thyroid problems. * The patient could have a mild case of  Hashimoto's thyroiditis  that has not yet caused the thyroid to become underactive. * They may have inherited a â€Å"weak† thyroid gland, which has to be stimulated excessively by thyroid stimulating hormone in order to make a normal amount of thyroid hormone. * They may have an  autoimmune diseases  in which the body's immune system produces immunoglobulins that stimulate the thyroid to grow without either destroying it or stimulating it to make too much thyroid hormone. They may have conditions in which white blood cells in the body produce substances called â€Å"cytokines† that stimulate the thyroid to grow. Often, when a patient has a goiter with normal thyroid hormone levels, the doctor is never really able to find out the exact cause of the goiter. Small benign euthyroid goiters do not require treatment. The effectiveness o f medical treatment using thyroid hormone for benign goiters is controversial. Large and complicated goiters may require medical and surgical treatment. Malignant goiters require medical and surgical treatment. The size of a benign euthyroid goiter may be reduced with levothyroxine suppressive therapy. The patient is monitored to keep serum TSH in a low but detectable range to avoid hyperthyroidism, cardiac arrhythmias, and osteoporosis. The patient has to be compliant with monitoring. Some authorities suggest suppressive treatment for a definite time period instead of indefinite therapy. Patients with Hashimoto thyroiditis respond better. * Treatment of hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism often reduces the size of a goiter. Thyroid hormone replacement is often required following surgical and radiation treatment of a goiter. Use of radioactive iodine for the therapy of nontoxic goiter has been disappointing and is controversial. * Medical therapy of autonomous nodules with thyroid hor mone is not indicated. * Ethanol infusion into benign thyroid nodules has not been approved in the United States, but it is used elsewhere. * Iodine Deficiency Disorders (IDD) can be prevented by an adequate intake of iodine in the population. Monitoring and evaluation are the most important phases of an IDD control program.The consequences of iodine deficiency are goiter and subclinical/clinical hypothyroidism in pregnancy. The deficiency is an important risk factor for brain damage and motor-mental development in the fetus, the neonate and in the child. In order to assess IDD, control programs should be developed, followed up and evaluated. The recommended methods of assessing status are; assessment of the goiter rate, measurement of urinary iodine concentration, determination of thyroid hormone levels and of thyroglobulin. Although adequate technology exists, elimination programs for IDD have not been successful until recent years.The most important issue at present is the long-t erm sustainability of salt iodization programmes. Alternative strategies are also needed for iodization in areas where iodized salt will not be available in the foreseeable future. * Goitre associated with  hypothyroidism  or  hyperthyroidism  may be present with symptoms of the underlying disorder. For hyperthyroidism, the most common symptoms are weight loss despite increased appetite, and  heat intolerance. However, these symptoms are often unspecific and hard to diagnose. * [edit]

Cosmos Episode 5 Viewing Worksheet

'Cosmos' Episode 5 Viewing Worksheet Lets face it: there are some days when teachers need to show videos or movies. Sometimes, it is to help supplement a lesson or unit so visual learners and auditory learners can grasp the concept. Many teachers also decide to leave videos to watch when a substitute teacher is planned. Still, others give students a bit of a break or a reward by having a movie day. Whatever your motivation, the Fox series Cosmos: A Spacetime Odyssey, hosted by Neil deGrasse Tyson, is an excellent and entertaining television show with sound science. Tyson makes the science information accessible for all levels of learners and keeps the audience engaged throughout the entire episode. Below is a set of questions for Cosmos Episode 5, titled Hiding in the Light, that can be copy-and-pasted into a worksheet. It can be used as an assessment or a guided note-taking guide for the students as they travel along on the Ship of the Imagination and get introduced to great scientists and their discoveries. This particular episode focuses on waves and, in particular, light waves and how they compare to sound waves. It would be an excellent supplement to a physical science or physics class studying waves and their properties. Cosmos Hiding in the Light Worksheet What are two things Neil deGrasse Tyson says helped us evolved from a band of wandering hunting and gathering ancestors to a global civilization?What type of camera did Mo Tzu invent?What three things should all doctrines be tested with, according to Against Fate by Mo Tzu?What was the name of the first Emperor of China who wanted everything in China to be uniform?What happened to the books written by Mo Tzu?During Ibn Alhazen’s time, what was the agreed-upon hypothesis of how we see things?Where did our current number system and the concept of zero come from?What important property of light did Alhazen discover with only his tent, a piece of wood, and a ruler?What must happen to light in order for an image to form?How is the lens of a telescope and light like a big bucket and rain?What was Alhazen’s greatest contribution to science?What is the name of the only particle that can travel at the speed of light?The word â€Å"spectrum† comes from a Latin word meaning what?What did William Herschel’s experiment with light and heat prove? What was the profession of the man that kept an 11-year-old Joseph Fraunhofer as a slave?How did Joseph Fraunhofer get to meet the future King of Bavaria?Where did the King’s counselor offer Joseph Fraunhofer a job?Why are organ pipes in the Abbey different lengths?What is the difference between light and sound waves as they travel?What determines the color of light we see?Which color has the lowest energy?Why are there dark bands in the spectra Joseph Fraunhofer saw?What is the force that holds atoms together?How old was Joseph Fraunhofer when he fell ill and what probably caused it?What did Joseph Fraunhofer discover about the elements that make up the universe?

Free Essays on Chile Under Pinochet

Introduction The film isn’t just about a Latin American family but about a man, Esteban Trueba. The film revolves around his loves, beliefs, politics and how all these themes come into doubt or have to be reanalyzed. The film follows Trueba, through his trials in life, his accomplishments and at the end how he comes to terms with all that has happened. The film also does a good job at reflecting the issue of the class structure and the huge gap between the landowners and the poor which we read in the book. It also does a good job at visually illustrating the mind set and rigid mentality of the powerful. Chile The film taught me how Chile was no different or for that matter is no different then other societies in several aspects. In the film we see a young Trueba courting Rosa and promising to become rich in order to gain the parents approval. This seems to be a request that all parents, in all societies, of a higher social standing make to potential husbands of there daughter’s. Another theme which is still around today is your daughter marrying someone of a lower social level or who doesn’t seem fit to court her. This would bring shame to a family and perhaps lower there standing in people’s eyes, as in the film when Blanca wanted to marry Pedro, the poor laborer. A theme which is very visible today everywhere and was visible throughout the film is how the rich believed they were better then the workers. The film demonstrates how in Chile just like everywhere else, your social standing in society is extremely important. The character of a man is unimportant, what is important is his social standing and the name he carries. In the film Trueba tries to arrange a marriage between his daughter and a wealthy man who she didn’t love. He did this so that she wouldn’t marry a rebel, not only a rebel but a poor rebel. This is ... Free Essays on Chile Under Pinochet Free Essays on Chile Under Pinochet Introduction The film isn’t just about a Latin American family but about a man, Esteban Trueba. The film revolves around his loves, beliefs, politics and how all these themes come into doubt or have to be reanalyzed. The film follows Trueba, through his trials in life, his accomplishments and at the end how he comes to terms with all that has happened. The film also does a good job at reflecting the issue of the class structure and the huge gap between the landowners and the poor which we read in the book. It also does a good job at visually illustrating the mind set and rigid mentality of the powerful. Chile The film taught me how Chile was no different or for that matter is no different then other societies in several aspects. In the film we see a young Trueba courting Rosa and promising to become rich in order to gain the parents approval. This seems to be a request that all parents, in all societies, of a higher social standing make to potential husbands of there daughter’s. Another theme which is still around today is your daughter marrying someone of a lower social level or who doesn’t seem fit to court her. This would bring shame to a family and perhaps lower there standing in people’s eyes, as in the film when Blanca wanted to marry Pedro, the poor laborer. A theme which is very visible today everywhere and was visible throughout the film is how the rich believed they were better then the workers. The film demonstrates how in Chile just like everywhere else, your social standing in society is extremely important. The character of a man is unimportant, what is important is his social standing and the name he carries. In the film Trueba tries to arrange a marriage between his daughter and a wealthy man who she didn’t love. He did this so that she wouldn’t marry a rebel, not only a rebel but a poor rebel. This is ...

This is a research-based essay. Using at least 3 organizations in Research Paper

This is a -based essay. Using at least 3 organizations in hospitality industry, analyse staff tunrover, its cost and effects on the business and develop strategies to improve retention - Research Paper Example It should be noted that hospitality industry is struggling to find enough skilled personnel to cater to its employee needs. Under such circumstances, excessive amount of employee dropouts or turnover rate may not be desirable to the growth prospects of an organization. Many organizations in hospitality industry are spending too much money for the training, development and empowerment of its employees since the success and failures of an organization in hospitality industry rest in the hands of its employees. On the other hand, after getting enough training, employees usually look for better options outside their organization. All the organizations in the hospitality industry are looking for trained professionals to meet their employee needs. Thus, employees working in the hospitality industry are always getting better chances outside their organization. The words of Pinnacle’s managing director Wendy Mead are relevant here: â€Å"We are training up all these fantastic people to be so customer-centric and other industries are just coming and plucking them away from us† (Ryan, 2006). Organizations which lose employees may struggle to fill the vacancies because of the absence of enough skilled manpower in the hospitality industry. In America and European region manpower shortage is creating immense problems in all sectors. Shortage of manpower increases demand for employee in these countries and hence, the bargaining power of the employees in these countries is extremely high. This paper analyses the staff turnover, its cost and effects on the hospitality business and strategies to improve retention, taking Accor Hotels, Subway franchise organization, and Ritz Carlton as the examples. Accor Hotels is one of the leading companies in Australian hospitality industry. It is operating in all the major cities in Australia. Accor Hotels is looking for opportunities in overseas countries at present and they have already signed a contract with Dubai based EMAAR

Explain what is meant by supply chain risk management and how Essay

Explain what is meant by supply chain risk management and how organizations mitigate supply chain risks. Use two examples of companies to illustrate your answer - Essay Example o another point with the objective of creating net value, creating a economical infrastructure, leveraging worldwide logistics, to make tally supply with demand and measuring performance globally (Chopra and Meindl, 2001). A good supply chain management aids the organizations to fulfil the demand of market at right time. It helps the organizations, how they should procure the raw materials for manufacturing and distribute the finished goods into the market for sales with minimizing the cost and the time of delivery (Hugos, 2003). A well planning supply chain management aids the organization to increase profit by minimizing the cost of transport of goods from one point to another point. Even though, a strong management in supply chain helps the organization to maintain a good relationship with both suppliers and consumers. However, a risk can be encountered in supply chain, and this risk can be avoided with the help of supply chain risk management (Burt, Starling and Dobler, 2003). It is implementation of strategies to control both daily and incomparable risks along the supply chain footed on repeating risk evaluation with the purpose of reducing vulnerability and guarantee stability (Brindley, 2004). Supply chain risk management helps to decrease the supply chain liability with the help of Holistic approach, which includes all stakeholders of supply chain, and discovers and analyses the risk of breakdown point inside the supply chain. The risks related to supply chain could be finance, logistics, inventory and many more that can be related with the risk management of supply chain. The main objective of SCRM is to identify the problem and to provide logical solution to overcome the risk in supply chain of any organization (Handfield and McCormack, 2008). A supply chain may not be as dynamic or perplexing as capital markets, yet regarding the matter of overseeing supply chain risk the test is, ostensibly, could be as imposing as overseeing risk for instruments,

Littleton Manufacturing Case Study PowerPoint presentation Speech or

Littleton Manufacturing Case Study PowerPoint - Speech or Presentation Example These changes coupled with increased competition in the market affected Littleton manufacturing through Brooks industries dwindling financial performance (Whiteside, 1994). To address this issue, the management at Littleton manufacturing got concerned with addressing the deep lying problems that affected the company. The company decided to compute a human resources process improvement team-PIT, to outline the issues and second a corrective course of action. This paper will aim towards identifying the problems at Littleton and providing solutions that will help consolidate the company’s position in the market. Problems identified and their symptoms Complaints at different levels of the company’s plant arose over the issue of poor organizational communication at the company. With this as a sign of organizational problems at the company, the management sought help from students at a nearby faculty to asses the organizational communication at Littleton (Whiteside, 1994). Th e PIT team collected the results from the students and conducted an in-house analysis that identified six critical problem areas that the company was to address. The six problems get discussed below in separate paragraphs. The first problem identified was a lack of organizational unity at Littleton. The apparent lack of organizational unity got viewed through the disquiet shown by the workers who believed the fabrication side got overlooked over the newer components side (Whiteside, 1994). The components side had newer machines while the fabrication side had older machines that required frequent servicing yet they never got replaced. Workers also mentioned of the stringent working conditions in the fabrication side of the plant compared to the components side. The workers viewed the management of the components side as stringent while that of the components side appears flexible and relaxed. The workers observed that the two sides of the plant appeared to have different management s tyles. The second problem cited was a lack of consistency in the enforcement of rules and procedures within the different sides of the plant. Complaints arose from workers about the differences within the department and sides at the plant when enforcing rules and procedures. Evidence of this appeared when workers complained that some supervisors in the components side gave longer breaks compared to other supervisors in other departments. In the very components side, some supervisors allowed workers to leave as early as twenty minutes before quitting time (Whiteside, 1994). Inconsistencies also got cited in terms of application of punishments. Fighting in the plant would result to automatic dismissal, but there were two incidents where the culprits never got punished. Some employees mentioned of an incident where someone was caught smoking marijuana within the plant, but only got a written warning for such a misdemeanor. A lady also got suspended from work for three days for missing work due to doctor appointments for her child. However, an operator got no punishment for missing work regularly due to suspicions of drug or alcohol abuse. Another example of inconsistency in applying rules and procedures got viewed through the absenteeism levels from either side of the plant. The fabrication side had less than one percent absenteeism compared to the 2.2% recorded in the components

The Best Day of My Life Essay Example for Free

The Best Day of My Life Essay The most important day of my life was when I received my nursing license. I was very proud of myself that I finally achieved my dream of becoming a nurse. Through discipline and hard work I was able to embrace this day with open arms. Ever since childhood I have known the value of a solid education and also having a meaningful profession. Education is especially important along with being current in our ever changing day-to-day events. Another important factor is having a profession of your own choosing . It all came to me when I was a child. During my summer vacation I used to visit my grandparents. Every morning they would read the daily newspaper and would discuss what they read afterwards. I enjoyed their lively conversations about the events of the day. They would often include me in their discussions and asked me how I felt about certain topics. At the age of ten I remember watching a news channel where they covered the devastating loss of life and property in South America during an earthquake. My heart trembled, I was perspiring and I started to cry. I was so affected that my legs began to shake. I turned to my mother and said,†Oh my gosh what can we do to help those poor victims?† She gave me a hug, brought me to another room, and wrote out a check for fifty dollars. From that day on I realized that my passion in life was to be of service to those in need. The value of focused discipline and hard work encompasses all aspects of life. I learned a great deal about discipline during nursing school. Discipline and hard work is necessary for all achievements, especially outstanding achievements. Discipline goes hand in hand with hard work. Discipline makes it possible to endure the vigors of hard work, making it fruitful and self-fulfilling in the long run. I also realized that discipline is fruitless without hard work. These two qualities enabled me to strive forward towards my sometimes-elusive prize. It is by only understanding that the world is in desperate need of help and by recognizing not only the importance of continuing education, but also by the expanding beneficial effect to all those involved that we can truly uplift our planet by pursuing a course of unconditional service. My ongoing quest has unexpectedly brought me a true sense of unlimited Joy, unforeseen returns, and a profound sense of inner peace and love.

Intellectual Property Rights

Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual Property Rights Intellectual property can be instrumental to the value of any business. The ability to protect a business or an individuals ideas, inventions and original processes is something that is considered essential to many establishments, particularly those that rely on innovative ideas and products as their unique selling point. Intellectual property rights span a wide range of situations and products, although the most common rights are designs, copyright, patents and trade marks. Each of these intellectual property rights aims to protect a different area of invention. Copyright protects works such as art or music; design protects the physical appearance of a product; trade marks protect the way in which a trader separates himself from his competitors; and patents protect the method by which a product is technically made up and functions. This latter category of intellectual property right can cause considerable difficulty to those applying for protection and those attempting to enforce existing rights. Technology and the associated functions are changing constantly and often being tweaked or altered to meet a new requirement. At what point does this become patentable and distinct from the original technology? This requirement to be innovative in some way is the subject of much debate. Determining when that extra step results in a new protectable technological item is the key to ensuring that the correct items are offered protection. Courts have grappled with the relevant issues in determining whether or not a patent should be protected and when an attack on validity should be successful. Throughout the years, various tests have been forwarded by the courts; however, consistency in relation to obviousness and the concept of novelty and invention have proved particularly troublesome and are often hotly debated in court proceedings. Elements of Patent Law Before determining the way in which the courts deal with the issues surrounding obviousness and novelty, it is first important to gain an understanding of what must be established in order to establish a valid patent, successfully. The basic definition of what is patentable is contained in Section 1(1) of the Patent Act 1977 (the Act). This Act states that in order to be patentable the invention must be new, must involve an inventive step and be capable of industrial application. The Act then goes on to consider each of these requirements, in more detail. Section 2 deals with the requirement that the invention is new. This requirement is commonly referred to as the novelty requirement. Section 2(1) states that for an invention to be novel or new it must not form part of the state of the art. Section 2(2) goes on to consider what state of the art actually encompasses. It defines state of the art as any matter (i.e. product, process, etc. ) that has previously been made available to the public by either a written or oral description. Simply put, if the invention has already been made available to the public, it is not going to be eligible for patent protection. When determining whether or not an invention is new or novel, the issue of whether or not it has been made available to the public will become central. The invention, in order to be considered in the public domain, must have been disclosed to at least one member of the public, who could if he wished use the information freely and the disclosure had to be sufficiently enabling. Sufficiently enabling means that the information contained must be such that someone who has a reasonable level of skill in the area to which the invention relates would be able to implement and make use of the disclosure. The disclosure must be in relation to one document (or one document with several others interlinked) and cannot simply be disclosure obtained from a mosaic of documents. There are exceptions to this rule in relation to disclosure that allow a patent still to be established where the disclosure has been made within six months of the patent application and has been done in confidence. Pulling these factors together, it is clear that the need for novelty insists on the patent being completely new and innovative. Although, based on the mosaic rule, the collection of previous documents and information to create a new invention will not be barred from receiving patent protection. The Issue of Novelty From looking at the above breakdown of what an individual has to prove in order to establish a valid patent, it is clear to see that the issue of novelty is central to most patent decisions. The Section 2 requirement for novelty contained in the Act is a corresponding provision of Articles 54 and 55 of the European Patents Convention (1973) (EPC). As a general rule, an invention is not novel if the amalgamation of features has already been anticipated in a previous disclosure. This point was considered in detail in the case of SmithKline Beecham Plcs Patent [2006] RPC 10. In this case, it was held that for there to have been that degree of anticipation, there must firstly have been a disclosure and there must secondly have been the element of enablement. That is, based on the disclosure, the suitably skilled individual receiving the details of the process would have been able to replicate the process disclosed. Pulling together both of these elements will allow the court to decide whether or not the patent before them is novel or not. Let us first consider the element of disclosure. When it comes to determining whether or not the specific invention has been previously disclosed, the question is not whether the prior disclosure was for an item of similar utility, i.e. it does not necessarily have to solve exactly the same problem as the current invention. In deciding this matter, courts have stated that in order to be a conflicting patent, the situation previously disclosed must be so close to the new invention that the utility gained by the new invention would be a practical certainty. This suggests that in order to establish a valid objection to a patent application on the basis of a prior disclosure, it would have to be shown that the prior invention was inextricably linked in terms of function to the new invention. Therefore, even if something similar has been previously disclosed, provided it is not close with the degree of inevitability that is required, the patent application will not necessarily fail on the basis of not being novel. A general disclosure of a possible process does not impact on the novelty of an invention; however, where there is a series of processes, each individual process could be the reason for a future patent application failing, due to lack of novelty. Secondly, there is the element of enablement. This means that whatever has been disclosed must be sufficient for a person, skilled in the relevant art, to copy or replicate the process or invention. This enablement provision should be thought of separately to the disclosure, as in the case of disclosure the information must be sufficient for a skilled individual to understand the disclosure. For the purpose of enablement, the skilled person must be capable of actually utilising or at least trying to utilise the relevant invention. When it comes to determining whether or not the invention is novel, therefore, several issues need to be considered. It is not simply a matter of determining if something similar has ever been made public. It must have been made public with sufficient clarity as to allow the invention to have been understood and put into effect by another third party. The patent, therefore, in order to gain protection, must offer a solution to a situation that has not been possible to achieve before and not simply a fanciful possibility of a solution given enough further experimentation. As stated in the case of General Tire Rubber Co. v Firestone Tyre Rubber Co. Ltd, the disclosure must contain clear and unmistakable directions to do what the patentee claims to have invented. Pharmaceutical Application The pharmaceutical industry as a whole has been one of the most litigated and dynamic areas in relation to the test of novelty. The recent case of Actavis UK Limited v Merck Co. Inc changed the way in which UK courts look at the test of novelty in relation to medical products. Prior to the Actavis case, it was thought that a new dosage or way of taking a particular drug could not be seen as novel; this has now been reversed by the Court of Appeal. In this case, it was held that a new regime for taking medicine could constitute a novel invention for the purpose of obtaining a valid patent. Furthermore, the court dealt with the issue of obviousness, stating that it had to be obvious at the date of priority, not before or after, to defeat the patent, on this basis. The leading case of Merrell Dow v. Norton and Penn, commonly referred to as the Terfenadine decision, held that when looking at a pharmaceutical process the definition of new had to be applied to the actual processes and not to a new result or outcome. In this case, it was held that although Merrell had discovered a new reaction from Terfenadine, it was not novel as the composition had previously been disclosed to the public (albeit not for that specific purpose). This produces an interesting position. Based on this judgment, it would seem that whether or not the process or invention produces a solution for a previously unsolvable issue is irrelevant; the issue is whether the actual matter itself has been disclosed. The focus of the test is on the physical items and not on the resulting outcome. Bearing this decision in mind and the way in which the courts have chosen to deal with pharmaceutical claims, it would seem impossible to conclude that the issue of patentability is based purely on finding a solution for a technical problem that could not be solved before. Obviousness This leads us on to consider how important the actual resulting process or invention is to the determination of whether or not it is patentable. Aside from the requirement of novelty, the process or invention must involve and innovative step. This has been interpreted to mean that the invention would not be obvious to someone skilled in the art when presented with the relevant matter. One of the ways in which this test has been interpreted is to consider whether or not it fills a gap in the market, thus becoming an immediate business success. If this is the case, it is more likely that the invention would be seen as non-obvious and, therefore, patentable. The requirement for this inventive step is contained in Section 3 of the Act. Deciding on what exactly is obvious and what is not has been a matter for the courts. In the case of Windsurfing International Inc. v Tabur Marine (Great Britain) Ltd, the main test for obviousness was laid down and remains the starting point for judges when deciding whether or not the invention is obvious. It was held that the court should take a four stage approach. Firstly, it should look at the inventive step itself in isolation, i.e. separating it from any supplementary aspects of the invention. Secondly, once the court is clear what the inventive step in question actually is, it should put itself in the position of the common person, skilled in the relevant art with the knowledge that was available at the date of priority. Thirdly, the court needs to consider the difference between what is known by the common man and what the invention professes to display. Finally, the court needs to determine whethe r the step between what is known and the invention would have been obvious to the common man. For example, in the case of Sabaf SpA v. MFI Furniture Centres Limited and others, the House of Lords considered the issue of whether the gas burner in question was obvious. In this case, the argument that Sabaf was presenting to the court was that its patent for a gas burner had been infringed. The respondents (MFI and others) claimed that they were using a new invention as it was, in fact, the combination of two inventions that had generated their specific gas burner. The crucial point here was that it was not possible to take two existing inventions and put them together to establish a new invention, where this new invention would be the obvious product of the two original inventions. The test for being obvious seems to be reasonably wide with the court requiring a definite inventive step and not simply a natural progression, even if the natural progression is novel. Conclusions The area of patent law and, in particular, determining whether or not an invention is novel and / or obvious is by no means clear. The courts take a very individual approach to each case as it is presented to them based on the individual facts. Despite this, it seems that both elements, i.e. novelty and obviousness, remain instrumental. It is not true to say that provided an invention is novel it does not matter whether or not it is obvious. The courts have widened their view of obviousness but not so far as to remove it entirely. Therefore, if the patent in front of the court fails the test of obviousness and a person skilled in that specific area could have also established the invention it would fail, regardless of how novel the invention turns out to be. Both tests must be suitably established in order to gain patent protection. Producing a solution to a problem is highly important to the decision, but it is not the only deciding factor. The issue of obviousness simply cannot be ignored. Bibliography (14 required) Bagley, Margo A. , Patent First, Ask Questions Later: Morality and Biotechnology in Patent Law, William and Mary Law Review, Vol. 45, 2003 Bainbridge, David I. , Intellectual Property, Pearson Education, 2006, Pages 374 407 Colston, Catherine, Principles of Intellectual Property Law, Cavendish Publishing, 1999, Pages 86 105 Cornish, William Rodolph, Vaver, D. , Bently, Lionel, Intellectual Property in the New Millennium: Essays in Honour of William R. Cornish, Cambridge University Press, 2004, Pages 91 95 Grubb, Philip W. , Patents for Chemicals, Pharmaceuticals, and Biotechnology: Fundamentals of Global Law, Practice, and Strategy, Oxford University Press, 1999 Hodkinson, Keith, Protecting and Exploiting New Technology and Designs, Taylor Francis, 1988, Pages 32 71 Johnston, Josephine, Wasunna, Angela A. , Patents, Biomedical Research. And Treatments: Examining Concerns, Canvassing Solutions, The Hastings Center Report, Vol. 37, 2007 Karet, Novelty under English Law. Appeal in Merrell Dow v Norton 16(5) European Intellectual Property Review 204, 1994 Muir, Ian, Brandi-Dohrn, Matthias, Gruber, Stephan, European Patent Law: Law and Procedure under the EPC and PCT, Oxford University Press, 1999 Patterson, Mark R. , Contractual Expansion of the Scope of Patent Infringement through Field-of-Use Licensing, William and Mary Law Review, Vol. 49, 2007 Pressman, David, Patent It Yourself, Nolo, 2008, Pages 15 20 Taylor, Christopher Thomas, Silberston, Aubrey, The Economic Impact of the Patent System: A Study of the British Experience, CUP Archive, 1973, Pages 12 23 Thomas, John R. , Litigation beyond the Technological Frontier: Comparative Approaches to Multinational Patent Enforcement, Law and Policy in International Business, Vol. 27, 1996 White, The Novelty-Destroying Disclosure: Some Recent Decisions 9 European Intellectual Property Review 315, 1987

A Farwell to Arms :: Essays Papers

A Farwell to Arms For hundreds of years, writers have used religion as a fundamental issue and point of discussion in their novels. Joseph Conrad expressed his views in Heart of Darkness, George Orwell did the same in 1984 and in other writings, and even Ernest Hemingway used his writing to develop his own ideas concerning the church. This is fully evident in his novel A Farewell to Arms. Even in a book in which the large majority of the characters profess their atheism, the ideas of the church materialize repeatedly as both characters and as topics of conversations. Religion is presented through reflections of the protagonist "Lieutenant Henry", and through a series of encounters involving Henry and a character simply identified as "the priest". Hemingway uses the treatment of the priest by the soldiers and by Henry himself to illustrate ways of approaching religion in a situation in which God has no place, and employs these encounters between the priest and other characters as a means of express ing religious views of his own. Most evident to the reader is the distinct difference between the priest's relationship with Henry and that which he has with the other soldiers. Hemingway repeatedly emphasizes this in all sections of the book, even after Henry is injured, when he is completely isolated from the other soldiers. The first instance the reader sees of this is only six pages into the novel. Hemingway writes, "That night in the mess after the spaghetti course †¦ the captain commenced picking on the priest" (6-7). The manner in which Hemingway frames this line is suggesting that not only do the soldiers start picking on the priest, but picking on him was the predinner entertainment. Almost the same scenario is portrayed only a few pages later: "The meal was finished, and the argument went on. We two stopped talking and the captain shouted, Priest not happy. Priest not happy without girls.'" (14) The soldiers' ridicule of the priest is again highlighted when Henry, bed-stricken with his injury, asks the priest "How is the mess?" (69). The priest replies "I am still a great joke" (69). The reader sees an obvious pattern in the relationship between the priest and the others. More important, though, than the fact that the other soldiers ridicule the priest, is for what he is ridiculed.

History of Juventus Essay

Edoardo Agnelli of the Agnelli family, owners of the Fiat company gained control of the club in 1923.[7] They had a private stadium in Villar Perosa (south-west of Turin) built and a complete set of facilities and services. This proved a good move for the club, as Juventus won their second Italian Championship during the 1925-26 season; they beat Alba Roma in the final with an aggregate score of 12-1, Antonio Vojak’s goals were essential that season.[5] From the 1930-31 through the 1934-35 season, Juventus collected a record of five consecutive Italian league championships, four of which were under coach Carlo Carcano;[5] the squad included the likes of Raimundo Orsi, Luigi Bertolini, Giovanni Ferrari and Luis Monti amongst others. Notably, the club reached the semi-finals of the Mitropa Cup before going out to Czechoslovakian side Slavia Prague.[8] During 1933, Juventus moved to what is considered their first major home; Stadio Benito Mussolini, it was built in 1933 for the 1934 FIFA World Cup, holding a capacity of 65,000.[9] It was originally named after Benito Mussolini who was Prime Minister of Italy at the time. Edoardo Agnelli died on 14 July 1935, this affected the club’s league performance in a large manner as some of the most prominent players left soon after his death. Although the club were unable to re-capture their form for the rest of the 1930s, they did finish as runners-up to Ambrosiana-Inter in the 1937-38 season.[5] After-World War II the club’s ground was renamed, Stadio Comunale and Edoardo’s son Gianni Agnelli was put in place as honorary president;[7] the club added two more scudetto championship’s to their name in the 1949-50 and 1951-52 seasons, the latter of which was under the management of Englishman Jesse Carver. This kind of form would be a sign of things to come in the future. After a dry spell, Juventus signed Welshman John Charles and Italo-Argentine Omar Sivori in 1957 to play alongside Giampiero Boniperti (who had been with the club since 1946). This system was very successful for Juventus and they won Serie A in 1957-58 and 1959-60 with Fiorentina finishing second on both occasions, the latter of which was Juventus’ first ever double, as they also won the Coppa Italia that season. This record breaking squad became the first Italian clubs to win ten championships in 1961, in recognition of this the club were awarded a Golden Star for Sport Excellence (Stella d’Oro al Merito Sportivo) to wear on their shirt. Notably, Omar Sivori became the first Juventus player to win the European Footballer of the Year that year too.[10] When Boniperti retired in 1961, he retired as the all-time top scorer at the club, with 182 goals in all competitions; a club record which would last for 45 years. The last Juventus championship victory came with Heriberto Herrera as coach in 1966-67,[5] a notable players of this time was the reliable defender Sandro Salvadore. Juventus further solidified themselves as a tower of strength in Italian football during the 1970s by winning the scudetto in 1971-72, 1972-73, 1974-75 and 1976-77,[5] as well as reaching the 1973 European Cup Final where they lost to Ajax. Coached in the early part of the decade by ÄÅ'estmà ­r Vycpà ¡lek, a Czech who had once played with Juventus (and Palermo), the Old Lady built up a strong squad of players to push them forward, with Gaetano Scirea, Dino Zoff, Roberto Bettega, Fabio Capello, and Brazilian Josà © Altafini who would become the joint-third highest scorer in Serie A history.[11] Franco Causio also became a very popular player at the club during the 1970s, in fact he was so popular that the club allowed him to wear his hair long, prior to Causio this was against the rules.[12] The club also provided the team with official formal wear (made by famous tailors) and forced them to complete their educational studies. Most of its players remained with Juventus until the end of their careers; many were given jobs with the club or for Fiat (and related companies) after playing retirement.

Nursing Scholarship Essays

Nursing Scholarship Essays Nursing Scholarship Essay Nursing Scholarship Essay Fort Collins, CO Accomplishments: Worked with a team to develop and implement a mass-communications-research coding scheme studying the coverage of health issues by television, print, and internet media.Performed general office clerical duties including use of a variety of computer programs and office equipment. Trained new employees on use of computer and office equipment and methods of office administration, research, and data organization. Wrote a user-guide for the office scanner. Tracked files and data for three research projects.

Free Essays on Soul On Ice

In the book entitled Soul On Ice, author Eldridge Cleaver presents many of his philosophical ideas and personal experiences while scrutinizing the social dilemmas, civil injustices, and overbearing realities that non-white peoples have faced through their history. Some of the ideologies he develops are highlighted in the essay â€Å"Black Man’s Stake in Vietnam.† Through this examination he studies the common interest that black Americans share with Third World countries. Even though his presumptions do appear pragmatically masculine at times, his descriptions of injustices experienced by black people are vivid and definite. However, constructive strategies to achieve African American unity and social equality seem to be missing. One may be inclined to believe that no matter how clearly a person of color conceives the issues of unfair treatment, exclusion, or injustice, in order to ameliorate the situation for themselves or their people, they must suggest steps which address the problems they describe. By failing to outline positive ways to deal with the troubles he reputes, Cleaver estranges those readers with the potential to understand and unite these victims of oppression. Simultaneously, Cleaver frequently expresses this moment in history as â€Å"the last act of the show.† This expression of despair and hopelessness negatively effects the search for solutions to the issues he recognizes as being so very significant. (151) African Americans have always played a crucial role in America’s development as a powerful and independent nation. Even still, the expectation of dying for one’s nation is unrealistic for people who feel oppressed by the country and society in which they live. Growing awareness within America’s borders brought about varying types public protest during the 1960's. â€Å"Both inherently and overtly political in content, the Black Arts movement was the only American literary movement to advance "soci... Free Essays on Soul On Ice Free Essays on Soul On Ice In the book entitled Soul On Ice, author Eldridge Cleaver presents many of his philosophical ideas and personal experiences while scrutinizing the social dilemmas, civil injustices, and overbearing realities that non-white peoples have faced through their history. Some of the ideologies he develops are highlighted in the essay â€Å"Black Man’s Stake in Vietnam.† Through this examination he studies the common interest that black Americans share with Third World countries. Even though his presumptions do appear pragmatically masculine at times, his descriptions of injustices experienced by black people are vivid and definite. However, constructive strategies to achieve African American unity and social equality seem to be missing. One may be inclined to believe that no matter how clearly a person of color conceives the issues of unfair treatment, exclusion, or injustice, in order to ameliorate the situation for themselves or their people, they must suggest steps which address the problems they describe. By failing to outline positive ways to deal with the troubles he reputes, Cleaver estranges those readers with the potential to understand and unite these victims of oppression. Simultaneously, Cleaver frequently expresses this moment in history as â€Å"the last act of the show.† This expression of despair and hopelessness negatively effects the search for solutions to the issues he recognizes as being so very significant. (151) African Americans have always played a crucial role in America’s development as a powerful and independent nation. Even still, the expectation of dying for one’s nation is unrealistic for people who feel oppressed by the country and society in which they live. Growing awareness within America’s borders brought about varying types public protest during the 1960's. â€Å"Both inherently and overtly political in content, the Black Arts movement was the only American literary movement to advance "soci...